Why is Ethereum doubly vulnerable to quantum attacks?

Ethereum uses ECDSA for transaction signatures AND BLS12-381 for validator consensus. Both cryptographic schemes are broken by quantum computers, creating two attack surfaces.

Does Ethereum have a quantum upgrade plan?

Ethereum has discussed post-quantum cryptography but no implementation exists. Upgrading 900,000+ validators and all smart contracts is an enormous challenge.

⏰ When Will Quantum Computers Break Ethereum?

Q: When will quantum computers break Ethereum?

Expert consensus estimates 2030-2035 for cryptographically-relevant quantum computers. Ethereums ECDSA and BLS signatures are both vulnerable to Shors algorithm.

Double Vulnerability, Double the Risk

📅 The Ethereum Quantum Timeline

2024 NIST standardizes post-quantum crypto (warning sign)

2025 IBM targets 4,000+ qubits

2027 Early quantum demonstrations on smaller curves

2030 First ECDSA breaks in laboratory conditions

2032 Cryptographically-relevant QC available

2033 ETH validator keys compromised, consensus attacks possible

🎯 Ethereum's Double Vulnerability

Attack Surface #1: ECDSA

Every Ethereum transaction uses secp256k1 ECDSA. Quantum attackers can derive private keys and steal funds.

Attack Surface #2: BLS12-381

900,000+ validators use BLS signatures for consensus. Quantum attackers can forge attestations and attack finality.

Result: Quantum computers can both steal ETH AND compromise the entire network's consensus.

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