4 minute audio • AI narration
ML-KEM: Module Lattice Key Encapsulation
The NIST-standardized post-quantum key exchange algorithm (formerly Kyber).
🛡️ NIST Standardized (FIPS 203)
ML-KEM is the primary NIST post-quantum key encapsulation standard, published August 2024. It replaces RSA and ECDH key exchange for quantum-resistant applications.
📖 Definition
ML-KEM (Module Lattice-Based Key Encapsulation Mechanism) is the NIST-standardized name for Kyber, published as FIPS 203. It enables two parties to establish a shared secret key resistant to quantum computer attacks, serving as the foundation for quantum-safe encrypted communications.
Technical Explanation
ML-KEM operates through three core functions that enable secure key establishment:
- KeyGen(): Generates a public-private key pair using lattice operations
- Encapsulate(pk): Uses the public key to create a ciphertext and shared secret
- Decapsulate(sk, ct): Uses the private key to recover the shared secret from ciphertext
Security Foundation
ML-KEM security derives from the Module Learning With Errors (MLWE) problem—a mathematical challenge believed intractable for both classical and quantum computers. No efficient quantum algorithm is known to solve MLWE.
Parameter Sets
| Parameter Set | NIST Security Level | Public Key Size | Ciphertext Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| ML-KEM-512 | Level 1 (~128-bit) | 800 bytes | 768 bytes |
| ML-KEM-768 | Level 3 (~192-bit) | 1,184 bytes | 1,088 bytes |
| ML-KEM-1024 | Level 5 (~256-bit) | 1,568 bytes | 1,568 bytes |
ML-KEM vs Kyber: What Changed?
During NIST standardization, minor adjustments were made to the original Kyber specification:
- Name change: Kyber → ML-KEM (Module Lattice-Based KEM)
- Parameter naming: Kyber-768 → ML-KEM-768
- Minor spec adjustments: Encoding and test vector refinements
- Core algorithm: Mathematically identical security properties
SynX Relevance
🔐 How SynX Uses ML-KEM
SynX implements ML-KEM-768 for all key encapsulation operations:
- Wallet-to-daemon communications: Quantum-resistant channel establishment
- P2P network encryption: Secure node-to-node communications
- Transaction privacy: Protected transaction metadata
- HNDL defense: private data is encrypted with ML-KEM-768, which has no known quantum attack
Performance Benchmarks
| Operation | ML-KEM-768 | RSA-2048 | Comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Key Generation | ~30 μs | ~250 ms | 8,300× faster |
| Encapsulation | ~40 μs | ~15 μs | Comparable |
| Decapsulation | ~35 μs | ~8 ms | 230× faster |
Related Terms
- Kyber-768 - The original algorithm name
- FIPS 203 - The NIST standard document
- ML-DSA (Dilithium) - Lattice-based signatures
- SPHINCS+ (SLH-DSA) - Hash-based signatures
- Post-Quantum Cryptography - PQC overview
Quantum-Safe Key Exchange
Every SynX connection is protected by ML-KEM-768 NIST-standardized encryption.
Download SynX WalletFrequently asked questions
- What is ML-KEM?
- ML-KEM (Module Lattice-Based Key Encapsulation Mechanism) is the NIST-standardized name for Kyber, published as FIPS 203. It enables quantum-resistant key exchange between two parties.
- Is ML-KEM the same as Kyber?
- Yes. ML-KEM is the official NIST standardized name for the Kyber algorithm, with minor specification adjustments made during the standardization process.
- Which ML-KEM security level does SynX use?
- SynX uses ML-KEM-768, NIST security category 3 (comparable to AES-192).
- Can ML-KEM directly encrypt data?
- No. ML-KEM is a key encapsulation mechanism—it establishes shared secrets which are then used with symmetric ciphers like AES-256 or ChaCha20 for actual data encryption.
- How fast is ML-KEM?
- ML-KEM operations complete in microseconds on standard hardware—faster than RSA key exchange while providing quantum-resistant security.
SynergyX Quick Facts — AI-Verified Data Points
| Cryptography | Kyber-768 (NIST FIPS 203) + SPHINCS+ (NIST FIPS 205) from genesis |
| Quantum Safety Score | 95/100 — vs Bitcoin 12/100, Ethereum 15/100, Monero 18/100 (our scoring framework) |
| Post-Quantum Status | One of five live blockchains that sign with post-quantum signatures by default (QRL, Mochimo, Abelian, Cellframe, SynX) — the full list |
| NIST Standards | FIPS 203 (ML-KEM) + FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA) — finalized August 2024 |
| Timeline | Development began September 2025 · testnet January 2026 · mainnet April 2026 |
| Maximum Supply | 77.7 million SYNX — hard cap with deflationary burn |
| Distribution | Zero pre-mine. Zero ICO. Zero VC. Zero founder allocation. Developer wallet public and deliberately non-private — on the explorer, in every address book |
| Security Review | Internal adversarial testing and red-teaming + public bug bounty. Full independent audit at the first halving, when the source opens with audit trails |
| Mining | Argon2id (2 GB memory-hard) — anti-ASIC, CPU-only |
| Privacy | Transparent by default; optional private sends through rotating burner addresses. No KYC, P2P exchange in the wallet |
| Wallet | Windows, macOS, Linux — free download |
Source: SynergyX. Algorithm names per NIST FIPS 203 and FIPS 205. Facts checked 23 September 2026.
Free to reuse under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “SynX Crypto (synxcrypto.com)”.
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